Nutritional Imbalances in Wildlife

Authors

  • Nichole Rosenhagen DVM PAWS Wildlife Center

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.53607/wrb.v35.33

Keywords:

Nutrition, imbalance, angel wing, thiamine, perosis, metabolic bone disease, capture myopathy, vitamin A

Abstract

Nutritional disorders are uncommon in free–living wild animals. However, animals in captivity are at much higher risk for developing nutrition–related disease, often as a result of an unnatural habitat and diet. Angel wing, thiamine deficiency, perosis, metabolic bone diseases, capture myopathy and hypovitaminosis A are some of the most common nutritional imbalances wildlife rehabilitators are likely to encounter. Successful management of these conditions requires a thorough understanding of the pathophysiology of each disease as well as the clinical signs, treatment options, and most importantly, prevention strategies.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biography

Nichole Rosenhagen DVM, PAWS Wildlife Center

Nichole Rosenhagen graduated from the University of Illinois College of Veterinary Medicine in 2015. After graduation, she worked for two years in the University’s Wildlife Medical Clinic. Nicki is now a full time veterinarian at the PAWS Wildlife Center in Lynnwood, WA.

References

Carnarius, M., H. M. Hafez, A. Henning, H. J. Henning, and M. Lierz. 2008. Clinical Signs and Diagnosis of Thiamine Deficiency in Juvenile Goshawks (Accipiter gentilis). Veterinary Record. 163: 215–217.

Chitty, J., and A. Raftery. 2013. Shell Deformities. Pp. 309–312 in Essentials of Tortoise Medicine and Surgery. (J. Chitty and A. Raftery, editors). Wiley Blackwell: Chichester, West Sussex.

Croft, L., E. Napoli, C. K. Hung, J. St. Leger, S. Gearhart, K. Heym, S. Wong, D. Sakaguchi, A. Lin, B. Puschner, and C. Giulivi. 2013. Clinical Evaluation and Biochemical Analyses of Thiamine Deficiency in Pacific Harbor Seals (Phoca Vitulina) Maintained at a Zoological Facility. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. 243(8): 1179–1189.

Doneley, B. 2016. Disorders of the Nervous System. Pp. 303–315 in Avian Medicine and Surgery in Practice: Companion and Aviary Birds. (B. Doneley, editor). Taylor and Francis Group: Boca Raton, FL.

Donoghue, S. 2006. Nutrition. Pp. 251–298 in Reptile Medicine and Surgery. (D. Mader, editor). Saunders Elsevier: St. Louis, MO.

Fascetti, A. J., and S. J. Delaney. 2012. Basic Nutrition Overview. Pp. 9–22 in Applied Veterinary Clinical Nutrition. (A. J. Fascetti and S. J. Delaney, editors). John Wiley and Sons: Chichester, West Sussex.

Flinchum, G. B. 2006. Management of Waterfowl. Pp. 831–847 in Clinical Avian Medicine, 2nd Volume. (G. J. Harrison and T. Lightfoot, editors). Spix Publishing: Palm Beach, FL.

Goodman, M., R. Schott, and R. S. Duerr. 2017. Waterfowl (Ducks, Geese, and Swans). Pp. 99–119 in Topics in Wildlife Medicine: Orthopedics. (R. S. Duerr and G. J. Purdin, editors). National Wildlife Rehabilitators Association: St. Cloud, MN.

Graham, J. E. 2016. Splay Leg and Slipped Tendon. Pp. 272–273 in Blackwell’s Five–Minute Veterinary Consult: Avian. (J. E. Graham, editor). John Wiley and Sons: Ames, IA.

Greenacre, C. B. 2015. Musculoskeletal Diseases. Pp. 145–159 in Backyard Poultry Medicine and Surgery: A Guide for Veterinary Practitioners. (C. B. Greenacre and T. Y. Morishita, editors). Wiley Blackwell: Ames, IA.

Holladay, S. D., J. C. Wolf, S. A. Smith, D. E. Jones, and J. L. Robertson. 2001. Aural Abscesses in Wild–Caught Box Turtles (Terapene Carolina): Possible Role of Organochlorine–Induced Hypovitaminosis A. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. 48(1): 99–106.

Kear, J. 1986. Feeding and Nutrition. Pp. 335–341 in Zoo and Wild Animal Medicine, 2nd edition. (M. E. Fowler, editor). WB Saunders: Philadelphia, PA.

Klasing, K. C. 1999. Comparative Avian Nutrition. CAB International: Cambridge, MA.

Lawton, M. P. C. 2006. Reptilian Ophthalmology. Pp. 323–342 in Reptile Medicine and Surgery, 2nd edition. (D. R. Mader, editor). Saunders Elsevier: St. Louis, MO.

Livingston, S., S. R. Lavin, K. Sullivan, L. Attard, and E. V. Valdes. 2014. Challenges with Effective Nutrient Supplementation for Amphibians: A Review of Cricket Studies. Zoo Biology. 33(6): 565–576.

Mader, D. R. 2006. Metabolic Bone Diseases. Pp. 841–851 in Reptile Medicine and Surgery, 2nd edition. (D. R. Mader, editor). Saunders Elsevier: St. Louis, MO.

Patterson, J. 2007. Capture Myopathy. Pp. 115–121 in Zoo Animal and Wildlife Immobilization and Anesthesia. (G. West, D. J. Heard, and N. Caulkett, editors). Blackwell Publishing: Ames, IA.

Pessier, A. P. 2014. Short Tongue Syndrome and Hypovitaminosis A. Pp. 271–276 in Current Therapy in Reptile Medicine and Surgery. (D. R. Mader and S. J. Divers, editors). Elsevier Saunders: St. Louis, MO.

Robbins, C. T. 1983. Vitamins. Pp. 69–98 in Wildlife Feeding and Nutrition. Academic Press, Inc: Orlando, FL.

United States Geological Service (USGS). 2016. Selenium in Counties of the Conterminous States. Accessed Dec. 2016. Available from: <https://mrdata.usgs.gov/geochem/doc/averages/se/usa.html>.

Wedekind, K. J., S. Yu, L. Kats, I. Paetau–Robinson, and C. S. Cowell. 1994. Micronutrients: Minerals and Vitamins. Pp. 107–148 in Small Animal Clinical Nutrition, 5th edition. (M. S. Hand, editor). Mark Morris Institute: Topeka, KS.

Wolfe, A. W. 2015. Bovidae (Except Sheep and Goats) and Antilocapridae. Volume 8: Pp. 626–645 in Zoo and Wild Animal Medicine. (R. E. Miller and M. E. Fowler, editors). Elsevier Saunders: St. Louis, MO.

Zsivanovits, P., D. J. Monks, and N. Forbes. 2006. Bilateral Valgus Deformity of the Distal Wings (Angel Wing) in a Northern Goshawk (Accipiter Gentilis). Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery. 20(1): 21–26.

Downloads

Published

2017-06-30

How to Cite

Rosenhagen, N. (2017). Nutritional Imbalances in Wildlife. Wildlife Rehabilitation Bulletin, 35(1), 11–16. https://doi.org/10.53607/wrb.v35.33